內(nèi)窺鏡導(dǎo)光管作為光路傳輸?shù)暮诵慕M件，其性能直接影響成像質(zhì)量與診療精度。修復(fù)工藝需結(jié)合精密制造技術(shù)與臨床使用規(guī)范，通過(guò)系統(tǒng)性操作恢復(fù)設(shè)備功能。

　　As the core component of optical path transmission, the performance of endoscope light guide tube directly affects the imaging quality and diagnosis and treatment accuracy. The repair process needs to combine precision manufacturing technology with clinical usage standards, and restore equipment functionality through systematic operations.

　　故障診斷與拆解是修復(fù)的起點(diǎn)。導(dǎo)光管故障通常表現(xiàn)為圖像發(fā)暗、光斑缺失或色溫偏差，根源多為導(dǎo)光接頭破損或光導(dǎo)纖維斷裂。以STORZ 30°硬管內(nèi)窺鏡為例，維修時(shí)需先通過(guò)冷光源檢測(cè)確認(rèn)光纖完整性，若發(fā)現(xiàn)照明系統(tǒng)正常但圖像模糊，則需拆解鏡體。拆解過(guò)程需使用專(zhuān)用治具，如平口鉗、三腳鉗及定制銅制目鏡圈，逐步分離目鏡端與光學(xué)組件。需特別注意，全不銹鋼鏡體內(nèi)部膠合工藝復(fù)雜，需通過(guò)酒精燈加熱軟化膠層，避免暴力拆卸導(dǎo)致二次損傷。

　　Fault diagnosis and disassembly are the starting point of repair. Light guide tube faults are usually manifested as darkening of the image, missing light spots, or color temperature deviation, and the root cause is often damage to the light guide joint or breakage of the optical fiber. Taking the STORZ 30 ° rigid tube endoscope as an example, during maintenance, it is necessary to first confirm the integrity of the optical fiber through cold light source testing. If the lighting system is found to be normal but the image is blurry, the endoscope body needs to be disassembled. The disassembly process requires the use of specialized fixtures such as pliers, three legged pliers, and customized copper eyepiece rings to gradually separate the eyepiece end from the optical components. Special attention should be paid to the complex bonding process inside the all stainless steel mirror body, which requires heating and softening the adhesive layer with an alcohol lamp to avoid secondary damage caused by violent disassembly.

　　光導(dǎo)纖維修復(fù)是技術(shù)核心環(huán)節(jié)。若檢測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)光束亮度不足或分布不均，需采用分段檢測(cè)法定位故障點(diǎn)。對(duì)于局部斷絲，可使用光纖熔接機(jī)進(jìn)行單點(diǎn)修復(fù)，但更常見(jiàn)的方案是整體更換光纖束。以Karl Storz 495NE導(dǎo)光束為例，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置為4.8mm×300mm光纖束，更換時(shí)需同步更新導(dǎo)光卡口。操作時(shí)需將新光纖束穿入特氟龍保護(hù)管，通過(guò)顯微鏡輔助對(duì)齊光路接口，確保光纖端面與物鏡系統(tǒng)耦合精度。

　　Fiber optic repair is the core technical link. If insufficient brightness or uneven distribution of the light beam is detected during testing, segmented detection method should be used to locate the fault point. For local wire breakage, a fiber fusion splicer can be used for single point repair, but a more common solution is to replace the fiber bundle as a whole. Taking the Karl Storz 495NE light guide beam as an example, its standard configuration is a 4.8mm × 300mm fiber optic bundle, and the light guide mount needs to be updated synchronously when replacing it. During operation, the new optical fiber bundle needs to be inserted into a PTFE protective tube, and the optical path interface should be aligned with the assistance of a microscope to ensure the coupling accuracy between the fiber end face and the objective system.

　　導(dǎo)光接頭修復(fù)需兼顧密封性與光學(xué)性能。接頭蓋玻璃破損是常見(jiàn)故障，若僅存細(xì)微裂紋，可采用光學(xué)膠水進(jìn)行局部修補(bǔ)，但更穩(wěn)妥的方案是整體更換。以富士能EB-530T支氣管鏡為例，其導(dǎo)光接頭采用雙層密封結(jié)構(gòu)，更換時(shí)需先剝離老化橡膠墊圈，再壓入新接頭組件。需使用氣密性檢測(cè)儀驗(yàn)證密封性，確保壓力值達(dá)標(biāo)。

　　The repair of light guide joints requires a balance between sealing and optical performance. Damaged joint cover glass is a common fault. If only minor cracks remain, optical glue can be used for local repair, but a more reliable solution is to replace the entire structure. Taking the Fuji Energy EB-530T bronchoscope as an example, its light guide joint adopts a double-layer sealing structure. When replacing it, the aging rubber gasket needs to be peeled off first, and then the new joint component needs to be pressed in. It is necessary to use an air tightness tester to verify the sealing and ensure that the pressure value meets the standard.

　　性能驗(yàn)證與質(zhì)控是修復(fù)流程的收尾環(huán)節(jié)。需通過(guò)三項(xiàng)測(cè)試：1）光通量測(cè)試，使用積分球光譜儀檢測(cè)輸出光強(qiáng)；2）色溫校準(zhǔn)，確保色坐標(biāo)符合D65標(biāo)準(zhǔn)光源要求；3）耐久性測(cè)試，模擬臨床使用場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行千次級(jí)彎曲循環(huán)。以?shī)W林巴斯GIF-HQ290胃鏡為例，其修復(fù)后需通過(guò)水壓測(cè)漏儀進(jìn)行30分鐘保壓測(cè)試，泄漏率需低于0.1mL/min。

　　Performance validation and quality control are the final stages of the repair process. Three tests are required: 1) Luminous flux test, using an integrating sphere spectrometer to detect the output light intensity; 2) Color temperature calibration to ensure that the color coordinates meet the requirements of the D65 standard light source; 3) Durability testing, simulating clinical use scenarios for thousands of bending cycles. Taking the Olympus GIF-HQ290 gastroscope as an example, after repair, it needs to undergo a 30 minute pressure holding test using a hydraulic leak detector, with a leakage rate of less than 0.1mL/min.

　　臨床適用性優(yōu)化是高端修復(fù)的關(guān)鍵延伸。針對(duì)導(dǎo)光管老化導(dǎo)致的透光率衰減，可采用鍍膜增強(qiáng)技術(shù)，在光纖端面沉積增透膜層，將光透過(guò)率提升。對(duì)于彎曲部易損問(wèn)題，可升級(jí)為記憶合金支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，將抗疲勞次數(shù)提高。

　　Clinical applicability optimization is a key extension of high-end repair. To address the attenuation of light transmittance caused by aging of the light guide tube, coating enhancement technology can be used to deposit an anti reflective film layer on the fiber end face to increase the light transmittance. For the problem of vulnerability in curved parts, it can be upgraded to a memory alloy support structure to increase the fatigue resistance.

　　內(nèi)窺鏡導(dǎo)光管修復(fù)需融合光學(xué)、機(jī)械、材料等多學(xué)科技術(shù)，從故障診斷到性能驗(yàn)證形成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化作業(yè)流程。隨著內(nèi)窺鏡向超細(xì)徑、高清化方向發(fā)展，修復(fù)工藝正引入激光焊接、納米涂層等新技術(shù)，推動(dòng)行業(yè)向?qū)I(yè)化、精細(xì)化方向演進(jìn)。

　　The repair of endoscopic light guide tubes requires the integration of multidisciplinary technologies such as optics, mechanics, and materials, forming a standardized workflow from fault diagnosis to performance verification. With the development of endoscopes towards ultra-fine diameter and high definition, repair processes are introducing new technologies such as laser welding and nano coating, driving the industry towards specialization and refinement.

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